Early 21st Century cyclone climatology: a <scp>3D</scp> perspective.Basic Characterization
نویسندگان
چکیده
Extra-tropical cyclones are a relevant feature in the climate at middle and high latitudes. Despite their importance, most studies typically focus only on identified single atmospheric level events close to surface. This paper provides new perspective Southern Hemisphere (SH) cyclone based multilevel tracking algorithm STACKER. The algorithm, using relative vorticity, detects raw tracks levels objectively combines them provide 3D evolutionary timeline. As result, climatology, ECMWF Reanalysis ERA-I data from 12 pressure troposphere lowermost stratosphere is presented. To best of our knowledge, this first analysis carried out throughout extratropical/subpolar order give comprehensive picture as physical entities lifetime. Cyclone properties analysed track densities, translational velocity, vorticity lifetimes. For subtropical extra-tropical SH, results support many previous ideas about characteristics, but insights also obtained. A total 58,231 lasting least 2 days were detected, with vertical structures spanning two or more levels. means an average 303 all types per month, between 2001 2017, disregarding seasonality. Results show that frequently detected lowest 925 700 hPa. By considering cyclonic systems can be grouped into families according extent, month shallow frequent approximately 248 followed by 43 intermediary 11 deep events. Shallow have large percentage genesis Density statistics present latitude ranges mostly poleward 30°S high- medium-intensities, while intermediate ones restricted mid-latitudes confined sub-polar polar Cyclones over Antarctica seem cyclones, longer lifetimes lower velocities.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: International Journal of Climatology
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['0899-8418', '1097-0088']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.7056